| | Overall | Conference | | | | | |
| Year | Record | Pct. | Record | Pct. | Coach | | | Statistics | |
| 1920-21 | 22-7-1 | .750 | | | Frederick Graham | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1921-22 | 1-7 | .125 | | | W.H. DePriest | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| 1922-23 | 6-4 | .600 | | | Lester Barnhard | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1923-24 | 4-9 | .308 | | | Lester Barnhard | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| | 10-13 | .435 | | | Lester Barnhard Career (two seasons) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| 1924-25 | 3-5 | .375 | | | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1925-26 | 4-5 | .444 | | | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1926-27 | 5-7 | .417 | | | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| Mississippi Valley Conference (1927-1934) |
| 1927-28 | 10-11 | .476 | 5-3 | .625 | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1928-29 | 15-3 | .833 | 8-0 | 1.000 | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1929-30 | 16-8 | .667 | 12-2 | .857 | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1930-31 | 14-2 | .875 | 11-1 | .917 | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1931-32 | 11-10 | .524 | 9-5 | .643 | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1932-33 | 7-6 | .538 | 5-3 | .625 | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1933-34 | 5-14 | .263 | 2-4 | .333 | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (1934-1942) |
| 1934-35 | 5-15 | .250 | 3-7 | .300 | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1935-36 | 7-7 | .500 | 3-7 | .300 | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1936-37 | 5-7 | .417 | 3-7 | .300 | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1937-38 | 0-14 | .000 | 0-10 | .000 | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1938-39 | 2-13 | .133 | 1-9 | .100 | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1939-40 | 7-9 | .438 | 5-5 | .500 | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1940-41 | 9-8 | .529 | 4-5 | .444 | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1941-42 | 7-9 | .438 | 3-7 | .300 | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1942-43 | 7-4 | .636 | | | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1943-44 | No Team (World War II) |
| 1944-45 | 3-6 | .333 | | | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1945-46 | 7-4 | .636 | | | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1946-47 | 11-7 | .611 | | | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1947-48 | 13-10 | .565 | | | Zach Curlin | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| | 173-184 | .485 | 74-75 | .497 | Zach Curlin Career (23 seasons) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| 1948-49 | 11-10 | .524 | | | McCoy Tarry | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1949-50 | 12-9 | .571 | | | McCoy Tarry | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1950-51 | 17-8 | .680 | | | McCoy Tarry | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| | 40-27 | .597 | | | McCoy Tarry Career (three seasons) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| 1951-52 | 25-10 | .714 | | | Eugene Lambert | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1952-53 | 10-14 | .417 | | | Eugene Lambert | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1953-54 | 15-9 | .625 | | | Eugene Lambert | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1954-55 | 17-5 | .773 | | | Eugene Lambert | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1955-56 | 20-7 | .741 | | | Eugene Lambert | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| | 87-45 | .659 | | | Eugene Lambert Career (five seasons) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| 1956-57 | 24-6 | .800 | | | Bob Vanatta | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1957-58 | 15-7 | .682 | | | Bob Vanatta | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1958-59 | 17-6 | .739 | | | Bob Vanatta | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1959-60 | 18-5 | .783 | | | Bob Vanatta | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1960-61 | 20-3 | .870 | | | Bob Vanatta | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1961-62 | 15-7 | .682 | | | Bob Vanatta | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| | 109-34 | .762 | | | Bob Vanatta Career (six seasons) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| 1962-63 | 19-7 | .731 | | | Dean Ehlers | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1963-64 | 14-11 | .560 | | | Dean Ehlers | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1964-65 | 10-14 | .417 | | | Dean Ehlers | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1965-66 | 10-15 | .400 | | | Dean Ehlers | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| | 53-47 | .530 | | | Dean Ehlers Career (four seasons) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| 1966-67 | 17-9 | .654 | | | Moe Iba | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| Missouri Valley Conference (1967-1973) |
| 1967-68 | 8-17 | .320 | 2-14 | .125 | Moe Iba | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1968-69 | 6-19 | .240 | 0-16 | .000 | Moe Iba | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1969-70 | 6-20 | .231 | 1-15 | .063 | Moe Iba | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| | 37-65 | .363 | 3-45 | .063 | Moe Iba Career (four seasons) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| 1970-71 | 18-8 | .692 | 8-6 | .571 | Gene Bartow | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1971-72 | 21-7 | .750 | 12-2 | .857 | Gene Bartow | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1972-73 | 25-6 | .806 | 12-2 | .857 | Gene Bartow | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1973-74 | 19-11 | .633 | | | Gene Bartow | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| | 83-32 | .722 | 32-10 | .762 | Gene Bartow Career (four seasons) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| 1974-75 | 20-7 | .741 | | | Wayne Yates | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| Metro Conference (1975-1991) |
| 1975-76 | 21-9 | .700 | 1-1 | .500 | Wayne Yates | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1976-77 | 20-9 | .690 | 2-4 | .333 | Wayne Yates | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1977-78 | 19-9 | .679 | 7-5 | .583 | Wayne Yates | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1978-79 | 13-15 | .464 | 5-5 | .500 | Wayne Yates | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| | 93-49 | .655 | 15-15 | .500 | Wayne Yates Career (five seasons) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| 1979-80 | 13-14 | .481 | 5-7 | .417 | Dana Kirk | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1980-81 | 13-14 | .481 | 5-7 | .417 | Dana Kirk | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1981-82 | 24-5 | .828 | 10-2 | .833 | Dana Kirk | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1982-83 | 23-8 | .742 | 6-6 | .500 | Dana Kirk | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1983-84 | 26-7 | .788 | 11-3 | .786 | Dana Kirk | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1984-85 | 31-4 | .886 | 13-1 | .929 | Dana Kirk | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1985-86 | 28-6 | .824 | 9-3 | .750 | Dana Kirk | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| | 158-58 | .731 | 59-29 | .670 | Dana Kirk Career (seven seasons) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| 1986-87 | 26-8 | .765 | 8-4 | .667 | Larry Finch | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1987-88 | 20-12 | .625 | 6-6 | .500 | Larry Finch | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1988-89 | 21-11 | .656 | 8-4 | .667 | Larry Finch | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1989-90 | 18-12 | .600 | 8-6 | .571 | Larry Finch | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1990-91 | 17-15 | .531 | 7-7 | .500 | Larry Finch | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| Great Midwest Conference (1991-1995) |
| 1991-92 | 23-11 | .677 | 5-5 | .500 | Larry Finch | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1992-93 | 20-12 | .625 | 7-3 | .700 | Larry Finch | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1993-94 | 13-16 | .448 | 4-8 | .333 | Larry Finch | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1994-95 | 24-10 | .706 | 9-3 | .750 | Larry Finch | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| Conference USA (1995-2013) |
| 1995-96 | 22-8 | .733 | 11-3 | .786 | Larry Finch | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1996-97 | 16-15 | .516 | 10-4 | .714 | Larry Finch | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| | 220-130 | .629 | 83-53 | .610 | Larry Finch Career (11 seasons) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| 1997-98 | 17-12 | .586 | 12-4 | .750 | Tic Price | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 1998-99 | 13-15 | .464 | 6-10 | .375 | Tic Price | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| | 30-27 | .526 | 18-14 | .563 | Tic Price Career (two seasons) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| 1999-00 | 15-16 | .484 | 7-9 | .438 | Johnny Jones | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| 2000-01 | 21-15 | .583 | 10-6 | .625 | John Calipari | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2001-02 | 27-9 | .750 | 12-4 | .750 | John Calipari | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2002-03 | 23-7 | .767 | 13-3 | .813 | John Calipari | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2003-04 | 22-8 | .733 | 12-4 | .750 | John Calipari | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2004-05 | 22-16 | .579 | 9-7 | .563 | John Calipari | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2005-06 | 33-4 | .892 | 13-1 | .929 | John Calipari | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2006-07 | 33-4 | .892 | 16-0 | 1.000 | John Calipari | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2007-08 | Vacated by NCAA | John Calipari | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2008-09 | 33-4 | .892 | 16-0 | 1.000 | John Calipari | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| | 214-67 | .762 | 101-25 | .803 | John Calipari Career (nine seasons) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| 2009-10 | 24-10 | .706 | 13-3 | .813 | Josh Pastner | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2010-11 | 25-10 | .714 | 10-6 | .625 | Josh Pastner | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2011-12 | 26-9 | .743 | 13-3 | .813 | Josh Pastner | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2012-13 | 31-5 | .861 | 16-0 | 1.000 | Josh Pastner | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| American Athletic Conference (2013-present) |
| 2013-14 | 24-10 | .706 | 12-6 | .667 | Josh Pastner | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2014-15 | 18-14 | .563 | 10-8 | .556 | Josh Pastner | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2015-16 | 19-15 | .559 | 8-10 | .444 | Josh Pastner | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| | 167-73 | .696 | 82-36 | .695 | Josh Pastner Career (seven seasons) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| 2016-17 | 19-13 | .594 | 9-9 | .500 | Tubby Smith | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2017-18 | 21-13 | .618 | 10-8 | .556 | Tubby Smith | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| | 40-26 | .606 | 19-17 | .527 | Tubby Smith Career (two seasons) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| 2018-19 | 22-14 | .611 | 11-7 | .611 | Penny Hardaway | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2019-20 | 21-10 | .677 | 10-8 | .556 | Penny Hardaway | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2020-21 | 20-8 | .714 | 11-4 | .733 | Penny Hardaway | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2021-22 | 22-11 | .667 | 13-5 | .722 | Penny Hardaway | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2022-23 | 26-9 | .743 | 13-5 | .722 | Penny Hardaway | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2023-24 | 22-10 | .688 | 11-7 | .611 | Penny Hardaway | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2024-25 | 29-6 | .829 | 16-2 | .889 | Penny Hardaway | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| 2025-26 | 13-19 | .406 | 8-10 | .444 | Penny Hardaway | Results | Roster | .pdf | Media Guide |
| | 175-87 | .668 | 93-48 | .660 | Penny Hardaway Career (eight seasons) | | | | |